Goddess Kali and Kali Yuga
Are they the same word?

As commonly written in English, the “Kali” in “Kali Yuga” looks exactly the same as the name of Goddess Kali. But take a closer look...

Dictionary meanings of the “kali” in “kali yuga” include “strife,quarrel”, and “the side of a die which is marked with one point”. (from V.S.Apte; The Student’s Sanskrit-English Dictionary.)

This is a word of masculine gender, sometimes personified as a male being.

Is he the masculine counterpart of Goddess Kali? Actually no, the male counterpart of Goddess Kali is Kala, also called Mahakala.